Americans are proud of their contribution to world science. Many famous scientists were able to realize themselves in this country, to make the most important discoveries that turned the world upside down.
But in our country there are also smart, capable people. But due to the fact that at one time normal conditions were not created for them, they preferred to emigrate from Russia.
10. Boris Alexandrovich Bakhmetev
This is a famous public figure, scientist. In 1917, the Provisional Government entrusted him with one important task. He had to meet with the American government in order to lend money to purchase equipment and supplies. He showed himself as an intelligent person.
In June of the same year, the Russian Embassy in America was formed, and Boris Alexandrovich was appointed ambassador. After the October Revolution, he decided to stay in the United States. He helped in the arrangement of emigrants who arrived from Russia.
He went into business, and was also interested in hydrodynamics, conducted research at Columbia University, and in 1931 even became a professor in the department.
He first began to apply the methods of aerodynamics in hydrodynamics, he wrote several scientific papers that have received wide acclaim. He has earned many awards.
9. Vladimir Kozmich Zvorykin
He is considered one of the creators of television. He was born into a wealthy family. His father traded in grain, owned a shipping company. But Vladimir himself, from childhood, was interested in physics, helped his father by fixing faults in the power supply network of his ships.
He became a process engineer, graduating from an institute in St. Petersburg, and continued his education in Paris. When the civil war began, he hid in Yekaterinburg, Omsk.
In 1919, he went on a business trip to New York and stayed there, as there was nowhere to return. In 1923, after a series of studies, he applied for a patent: television, which worked on an electronic principle. And in 1929, Vladimir Kozmich developed a kinescope, a little later - an iconoscope, and in the 1940s received color television.
8. Otto Ludwigovich Struve
He is one of the most famous astrophysicists of the 20th century. Born in the city of Kharkov in a family of astronomers. His great-grandfather founded the Pulkovo Observatory, and his grandfather, uncle and father continued the family dynasty.
Otto graduated from high school, entered Kharkov University, but then, on the advice of his father, he transferred to the Mikhailovsky Artillery School. He fought in the army of Anton Denikin against the Bolsheviks, was wounded.
In 1921, Struve moved to New York, where he received his doctorate from the University of Chicago and at the same time worked at the Yerkes Observatory. He studied spectral binary stars for a long time, developed and built a spectrograph, etc.
7. Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky
The world knows the name of this aircraft designer, who created the Russian Knight aircraft in 1913, and Ilya Muromets, a seaplane and single-rotor system helicopter in 1914.
He was born in an intelligent family, studied first at the Maritime College, then at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, attended the "Aeronautical Section" circle there.
He came up with his first helicopters in 1908-1911. But not one of them could take off with the pilot. Then Igor Ivanovich decided to make a plane, in 1910 he was able to lift it into the air.
“Russian Knight” and “Ilya Muromets” were created from 1912 to 1914, they won all the main prizes in the competitions of aircraft. After the revolution, he first flew to London, and then moved to Paris, in 1919 he moved to the United States.
There he founded an aviation company and he himself worked on the design of helicopters. In addition, he was fond of theology, philosophy, and headed the Pushkin and Tolstoy society.
6. Stepan Prokofievich Timoshenko
This is a famous mechanical scientist who made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of elasticity. He was born in the family of a surveyor, studied at the Petersburg Institute of Railways, became a professor at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute.
In 1919, already being a famous scientist, academician, he decided to move abroad. In 1922, he was invited to the United States by his former student Zelov. In 1927, he became a professor at the Department of Mechanics of the University of Michigan, and then Stanford University.
He wrote many works on the mechanics of continuous media and the resistance of materials, worked on a number of theories. In modern building mechanics, the "Tymoshenko plate" is constantly mentioned. He also created tutorials for those who receive an engineering degree.
5. Georgy Antonovich Gamov
The famous American theoretical physicist was born in Odessa, in the family of a hereditary nobleman. Father encouraged George's passion for science, helped him enter the Novorossiysk University.
Later, Gamow decided to get an education at Petrograd University. There he went to a circle of like-minded physicists, which they called among themselves "Jazz Gang."
In 1928 he went to Germany for an internship. He chose the theory of the atomic nucleus as the main direction, namely alpha decay.
When the trip expired, he went to Copenhagen. There he managed to talk with Niels Bohr. He invited him to stay at the institute and obtained a scholarship for Gamow.
In 1931, the scientist returned to Leningrad, was engaged in nuclear physics. In the fall of 1933, he went with his wife to the congress in Brussels and decided not to return to the USSR.
He became a "defector." But these years were fruitful for him. He proposed a model of the "hot universe", contributed to molecular biology, etc.
4. Theodosius G. Dobrzhansky
A famous American geneticist was born in Ukraine. As a child, he decided to become a biologist, was fond of collecting butterflies. Unlearned, he met with G.A. Levitical, thanks to which he developed an interest in genetics.
He became a famous scientist, wrote about 35 scientific papers on genetics, livestock, entomology. In 1927, he left for the United States, receiving a Rockefeller Foundation scholarship.
In 1931 he decided to stay here, and by 1936 he became a professor. There he completed his main book, Genetics and the Origin of Species, and even became an honorary doctor of theology.
3. Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov
He is a well-known world-famous French mathematician, Nobel laureate, made a great contribution to geometry. He became a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences in the USSR, but in 1974 he left his homeland on an Israeli visa, and later moved to the United States.
He was a professor at the University of New York and the University of Paris, etc. Now he is 75 years old, he has earned many titles and awards.
2. David (Dmitry Alexandrovich) Kazhdan
Born in Moscow, defended his thesis. In the mid-1970s he moved to the USA, became a professor at Harvard University.
He is a Jew, so he decided to change his name and in 2002 went to Israel. He became a professor at the Hebrew University. Laureate of the Israel Prize. He is now 72 years old.
1. Vladimir Alexandrovich Voevodsky
Born in Moscow in a family of scientists. His childhood was spent in a communal apartment. He studied at Moscow State University, was fond of algebraic geometry.
In 1990, his colleague Mikhail Kapranov filled out an application for admission to Harvard University instead and he was accepted, he was able to defend his doctoral dissertation there.
Voevodsky made a great contribution to algebraic geometry and the foundations of mathematics. Died in 2017.